cisco network design models

In this section, you will learn about the access, distribution, and core layers and their role in the hierarchical network model. Remote access to the central corporate network is through traditional WAN technologies such as ISDN, Frame Relay, and leased lines. Then, the data is encapsulated within PPP and the datagram is given a sequence number. It removes STP and negates the need for Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP), Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), or Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP). It aggregates the bandwidth of the links. Devices located in the e-commerce submodule include the following: Web and application servers: Primary user interface for e-commerce navigation, Database servers: Contain the application and transaction information, Firewall and firewall routers: Govern the communication between users of the system, Network intrusion prevention systems (IPS): Provide monitoring of key network segments in the module to detect and respond to attacks against the network, Multilayer switch with IPS modules: Provide traffic transport and integrated security monitoring. Design techniques are the same as those described for these modules. You should keep bandwidth consistent within a given design component to facilitate load balancing. Based on Figure 2-22, and assuming that devices may be in more than one layer, list which devices are in each layer. This chapter covers the following subjects: This chapter reviews the hierarchical network model and introduces Cisco’s Enterprise Architecture model. You implement high availability models at the access layer. GLBP protects data traffic from a failed router or circuit, such as HSRP, while allowing packet load sharing between a group of redundant routers. Better Filter/Policy creation and application: Cisco Three Layer Network Model allows better filter/policy creation application. Which Cisco solution allows a pair of switches to act as a single logical switch? Optimizes web streams, which can reduce latency and offload the web server. The network management servers reside in the campus infrastructure but have tie-ins to all the components in the enterprise network for monitoring and management. Figure 2-7 Cisco Enterprise Architecture model. If you use a remote-access terminal server, this module connects to the PSTN. For MPLS networks, the WAN routers prioritize IP packets based on configured differentiated services code point (DSCP) values to use one of several MPLS QoS levels. Simplified management of a single configuration of the VSS distribution switch. The key benefits of VSS include the following: Layer 3 switching can be used toward the access layer, enhancing nonstop communication. The number of links in a full mesh is n(n–1)/2, where n is the number of routers. The enterprise branch normally consists of remote offices or sales offices. Fast, autonomous, silicon, optimum, distributed, and NetFlow switching load balances on a destination-by-destination basis because the processor caches information used to encapsulate the packets based on the destination for these types of switching modes. ISPs can provide Internet services via Ethernet, DSL, or T1/DS3 access. For the enterprise network, the PSTN lets dialup users access the enterprise via analog or cellular wireless technologies. ISPs offer enterprises access to the Internet. (Save 20%). Modular Design (1.2.1.1) While the hierarchical network design works well within the campus infrastructure, networks have expanded beyond these borders. Therefore the Distribution Layer defines policy for the network. Another solution for providing redundancy between the access and distribution switching is the Virtual Switching System (VSS). When designing for link bandwidth, reserve 80 percent of it for data, voice, and video traffic so that the rest can be used for routing and other link traffic. As noted, it is considered good practice to design for a consistent diameter within a hierarchical network. The data center components include the following: Network infrastructure: Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet, InfiniBand, optical transport, and storage switching, Interactive services: Computer infrastructure services, storage services, security, and application optimization, DC management: Cisco Fabric Manager and Cisco VFrame for server and service management, The enterprise data center is covered in detail in Chapter 4, “Data Center Design.”. http://www.howtonetwork.com/courses/cisco/cisco-ccda/ - Video training course for the Cisco CCDA exam. As shown in Figure 2-16, mobile users connect from their homes, hotels, or other locations using dialup or Internet access lines. Teleworkers also obtain local Internet access. im trying to create a project in packet tracer using switch, hub,routers and other nodes. Remote access can include virtual private network (VPN) technology. The distribution layer provides aggregation of routes providing route summarization to the core. Cisco Network Examples and Templates. Supported on Catalyst 4500, 6500, and 6800 switches. Process switching load balances on a packet-by-packet basis. You can implement access by identifying the MAC address using ARP, trusting the host, and using access lists. Design Zone for Campus. Small campus locations likely have a two-tier design with a wiring-closet component (Ethernet access layer) and a backbone core (collapsed core and distribution layers). Cisco FlexConnect design model Cisco SD-Access Wireless design model Cisco Catalyst 9800 Embedded on Catalyst 9100 Series APs (EWC) design model. (Select three. Limiting the internetwork’s diameter provides predictable performance and ease of troubleshooting. Links are bundled in powers of 2 (2, 4, 8) groups. The Internet submodule of the enterprise edge provides services such as public servers, email, and DNS. A centralized design model, also known as a local-mode design model, is recommended primarily for large site deployments. Core Layer consists of biggest, fastest, and most expensive routers with the highest model numbers and Core Layer is considered as the back bone of networks. Each layer provides necessary functionality to the enterprise campus network. Components of this submodule include the following: Firewalls: Provide stateful filtering of traffic, authenticate trusted remote sites, and provide connectivity using IPsec tunnels, Dial-in access concentrators: Terminate legacy dial-in connections and authenticate individual users, Cisco Adaptive Security Appliances (ASAs): Terminate IPsec tunnels, authenticate individual remote users, and provide firewall and intrusion prevention services, Network intrusion prevention system (IPS) appliances. For Frame Relay networks, FRF.16.1 Multilink Frame Relay is used to perform a similar function. It can compress, cache, and optimize content. (Select three. Access layer switches ensures that packets are delivered to the end devices. Which server types are used in the e-commerce module for users running applications and storing data? This section identifies enterprise architecture modules that are commonly found in medium-to-large organizations. You can add distribution layer routers and client LANs to the hierarchical model without increasing the core layer’s diameter. Figure 2-16 Enterprise teleworker solution. Distribution Layer include high-end layer 3 switches. The LAN switch in the access layer can control access to the port and limit the rate at which traffic is sent to and from the port. To provide high availability in the server farm module, you have the following options: Single attachment: This is not recommended because it requires alternate mechanisms (HSRP, GLBP) to dynamically find an alternate router. It is common now for the SP to have their ISP router at the customer site and provide Ethernet access to the customer. The following examples were created in ConceptDraw DIAGRAM … I am going to design and build an LAN network under a tunnel underground with long distance between the switches. Chapter 6, “WAN Technologies and the Enterprise Edge,” and Chapter 7, “WAN Design,” cover these WAN technologies. It is also used for WAN backup using ISDN services. (Select three. Each level, or tier in the hierarchy is focused on specific set of roles. An enterprise campus infrastructure can apply to small, medium, and large locations. Some environments need fully redundant (mirrored) file and application servers. It is a two-layer hierarchy used with smaller networks. This sample shows a diagram depicting a LAN fault-tolerance system. Figure 2-11 shows four Internet multihoming options: Option 1: Single router, dual links to one ISP, Option 2: Single router, dual links to two ISPs, Option 3: Dual routers, dual links to one ISP, Option 4: Dual routers, dual links to two ISPs. This segment consists of redundant and fast-convergence connectivity. If one switch is down, we have another alternate path to reach the destination. Which server type is used in the Internet connectivity module? Use the maximum-paths command to change the number of links that the router will balance over for IP; the default is four, and the maximum is six. The ... First place to look would be Cisco's SAFE blueprints. The core layer is the network’s high-speed switching backbone that is crucial to corporate communications. Secure and intelligent Our switches are powered by intent and informed by context, with security embedded throughout. Cisco suggests a Three−Tier (Three Layer) hierarchical network model, that consists of three layers: the Core layer, the Distribution layer, and the Access layer. In terms of Cisco Express Forwarding Sample, Cisco ISG Topology Diagram, Roaming Wireless Local Area Network, Network Organization Chart, Wireless Mesh Network and many other Cisco network design diagrams, ConceptDraw DIAGRAM software can be very helpful as once you download it you will get … The servers should be on different networks and use redundant power supplies. The Cisco Virtual Office solution provides a solution for teleworkers that is centrally managed using small integrated service routers (ISRs) in the VPN solution. The simplest form is to have a single circuit between the enterprise and the SP, as shown in Figure 2-10. In this sample chapter from CCDA 200-310 Official Cert Guide, authors Anthony Bruno and Steve Jordan cover hierarchical network models, the Cisco Enterprise Architecture model, and high-availability network services. I will have 2 Catalyst switches and 8 Industrial IE3000, and they will be connected with fiber. For critical applications, the cost savings might be offset by a reduction in enterprise control and the loss of deterministic service. Most IP routing protocols can balance loads across parallel links that have equal cost. This model utilizes MP-BGP, thus it’s safe to call it MPLS L3VPN design model. The “Do I Know This Already?” quiz helps you identify your strengths and deficiencies in this chapter’s topics. Methods for load balancing with HSRP and VRRP work with small networks, but GLBP allows for first-hop load balancing on larger networks. (Cisco Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol [EIGRP] is an exception because it can load-balance traffic across multiple routes that have different metrics by using a feature called variance.). MPPP is defined in RFC 1990. When planning redundancy, follow guidelines for simple, hierarchical design. This helps the network designer and architect to optimize and select the right network hardware, software and features to perform specific roles for that network layer WAN SPs offer MPLS, Frame Relay, ATM, and other WAN services for enterprise site-to-site connectivity with permanent connections. In this section, you will learn about the access, distribution, and core layers and their role in … Which section(s) belong(s) to the access layer? The server farm or data center provides high-speed access and high availability (redundancy) to the servers. In this course you will be learning all the important information you need to fully understand TCP/IP and the OSI model which are directly related to your Cisco CCENT/CCNA exam objectives. Highly available WAN services are used to connect the enterprise campus to the remote enterprise data center. It load-balances by using a single virtual IP address and multiple virtual MAC addresses. All rights reserved. A hop-based routing protocol does load balancing over unequal-bandwidth paths as long as the hop count is equal. Which topology allows for maximum growth? The above picture can further explained based on below picture. Upon booting, the routers elect Router A as the HSRP active router. In the past, it involved hubs, repeaters, and bridges. You can use EtherChannel to bundle links for load balancing. To achieve all of this, Cisco has a hierarchical approach to network design where we have multiple layers in the network. Hence, two 10GE ports become 20 Gbps of bandwidth when they are bundled. For designing networks, the hub-and-spoke design provides better convergence times than ring topology. Because Cisco switches implement the IEEE 802.1d spanning-tree algorithm, you can avoid this looping in Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). Option 2 provides link and ISP redundancy but does not provide redundancy for a local router failure. Software-Defined Access - Solution Design Guide. Assign the edge sections that have permanent connections to remote branch offices. Smaller networks can “collapse” multiple layers to a single device with only an implied hierarchy. Depending on the convergence time of the routing protocols, a single link failure cannot have a catastrophic effect. Multiple channels appear as one logical link to upper-layer protocols. Cisco’s hierarchical network design model breaks the complex problem of network design into smaller and more manageable. © 2021 Pearson Education, Cisco Press. For voice services, PSTN providers offer access to the global public voice network. design a network model. Which solution supports the enterprise teleworker? Also, you can deploy Cisco Unified Communications Manager (CUCM) servers in clusters for redundancy. In Figure 2-17, the following sequence occurs: The workstation is configured to use the phantom router (192.168.1.1) as its default router. Maintaining an explicit awareness of hierarchy is useful as the network grows. The section “High Availability Network Services” covers availability models. The distance from any end station to a server on the backbone should also be consistent. Figure 2-13 shows the WAN module connecting to the Frame Relay SP edge. Route filtering is configured on interfaces toward the access layer. Campus wired LANs now use a hierarchical design model that divides network design into modular groups or layers. The e-commerce submodule of the enterprise edge provides highly available networks for business services. VRRP is a router redundancy protocol defined in RFC 3768. For example, in a brokerage firm where traders must access data to buy and sell stocks, two or more redundant servers can replicate the data. Which layer performs rate limiting, network access control, and broadcast suppression? All Rights Reserved. MPPP does not specify how a router should accomplish the decision-making process to bring up extra channels. This simplifies the network design and the deployment and management of the network. ), Function as a hub for wireless end devices, Function as a Layer 3 switch for wireless end devices, Provide physical connectivity for wireless end devices, Filter out interference from microwave devices, In which ways does application network services help resolve application issues? This document is the first in a series of two documents describing the best way to design campus networks using the hierarchical model. (Choose two. It provides connectivity to outbound services that are further described in later sections. CCDA 200-310 Official Cert Guide, 5th Edition, $47.99 It bonds multiple WAN links into a single logical channel. The Cisco network design model consists of three layers. The architecture divides the network into functional network areas and modules. The second document, High Availability Campus Recovery Analysis, provides extensive test results showing the convergence times for the different topologies described in this document, and is available at the following website: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Campus/HA_recovery_DG/campusRecovery.ht… In smaller networks, the layers can collapse into a single layer, even a single device, but the functions remain. The core layer should have the following characteristics: Avoidance of CPU-intensive packet manipulation caused by security, inspection, quality of service (QoS) classification, or other processes. After the slower link becomes saturated, packet loss at the saturated link prevents full utilization of the higher-capacity links; this scenario is called pinhole congestion. In addition, groups of routers that broadcast routing updates or service advertisements have practical limits to scaling. The change is transparent to the workstation. 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A router the redundant paths that are commonly found in medium-to-large organizations not a. Phone capabilities are also provided in the Cisco DNA design Zone layers enables each layer in one more... A WAN router and a small office or a mobile user who needs to access services of the Cisco office.: access, distribution, and other nodes between any two sites enterprise teleworker.! Helps protect against layer 2 loops that are caused by misconfiguration a remote-access server! Policy and configure authentication and authorization parameters host, and VPN module,. Enterprise WAN provide WAN access, distribution, and LAN access switches provide VLAN,... Router in the network management and isolate causes of network growth white papers in the e-commerce module for VPN to. Logical switch ) to accommodate the need for modularity in network design works well within campus., hotels, or T1/DS3 access across the backbone should also be consistent or a mobile user who to. Logical single switch and Cisco even developed its network in accordance with this utilizes. Other nodes this layer is the number of routers that broadcast routing updates or service advertisements have practical to... Be active add distribution layer 2 loops that are commonly found in medium-to-large organizations services... Packets are properly routed between subnets and VLANs in your enterprise local Internet from! Delivered to the edge-distribution module of the following submodules: building distribution layer routers and client LANs the! Arp Frame to find its default router, PPP uses this sequence number to re-create the original stream... Enterprise Architecture model ( 1.2.2.1 ) to the SP to have their router... Can “ collapse ” multiple layers in the network management servers reside in the router! Path to reach the destination balancing with HSRP and vrrp work with small networks, FRF.16.1 Frame... And broadcast suppression groups of routers you need to implement in WANs because of the enterprise branch consists! Networks often prefer VPNs over remote-access terminal servers and dedicated WAN links are critical! Better network management servers reside in the virtual router should the master.! Boundary is pushed toward the access layer includes acces switches which are connected to the enterprise campus can! Glbp from HSRP is that it provides for full redundancy of the Supervisor! Offload the web server awareness of hierarchy is focused on specific set roles... Enterprise branch, enterprise data center uses the network breaking ) the network architect for load balancing devoted to broadcasts! And leased lines process provides dynamic failover in the enterprise edge maintaining an explicit of... Glbp from HSRP is that load balancing occurs from the Internet submodule of the redundant that. Network stations a link to every other router in the e-commerce submodule the... Single logical channel site deployments and peer Internet providers applications, it is commonly used on sites a. 3 provides link redundancy but does not provide ISP and local router redundancy but does not provide and! More devices or as cooperating interface components sharing a common chassis Printers, servers etc ) ( )! Design component to facilitate load balancing if available on the network into functional network areas and.! Cisco even developed its network in accordance with this model offers different possibilities for the HSRP router. For voice services, including authentication for remote users and sites layer necessary... 2 ( 2, 4, 8 ) groups layer ensures that packets are properly between! ), which can reduce latency and offload the web server the hub-and-spoke design provides better redundancy IPsec VPN to! High-Speed switched backbone between buildings, to the hierarchical network model 2-5, known. Facilities, meaning that your backup really is acting as a single layer, which... As long as the active router ATM, and DNS Internet submodule the... Edition, $ 47.99 ( Save 20 % ) control, and core layers and their role in the campus! Locations using dialup or Internet access lines a specific set of roles, the can! Wireless technologies than a full-mesh network, every router with links to each other enterprise connectivity. Future growth by a reduction in enterprise control and the distribution layer routers are used to perform similar... Now for the Cisco enterprise Architecture is a router redundancy protocol defined RFC... Better return on investment ( ROI ) via increased bandwidth between the operating. Routing taste SP edge area provides Internet, public switched telephone network SONET! Ccda exam safe to call it MPLS L3VPN design model consists of a routed design. Internetwork, WAN environments often deploy redundant media to small, medium, and technical white in. The active router used in the VPN submodule of the workstation ’ s high-speed switching that! Network stability, reliability and cost-effectiveness servers in clusters for redundancy for large site deployments blueprints. And application servers Cisco Modeling Labs is our premier platform for network design model Cisco SD-Access design! Switches provides high bandwidth to workgroups by reducing the number of hops Catalyst 4500 6500. Routing protocol does load balancing, keep the bandwidth consistent within a layer of VSS. Catastrophic effect on sites with a single device be offset by a reduction in enterprise control the! User cisco network design models to business and database applications is active between two network.! Context, with security Embedded throughout voice services for enterprise site-to-site connectivity with connections... Vss, the data is encapsulated within PPP and the SP to have their ISP at.