They are not only using for making clothing, but also finds other diversified applications. In principle, any machine which is used for sisal or kenaf decortications can be adjusted for ramie. Still, countries like Brazil, India, Philippines, Taiwan, France, etc., are also cultivating ramie in small volumes. 1b. Chemical processing is required for processing ramie. It is one of the strongest fiber then others. Still in present scenario, there is much scope for research and development on this valuable fibre. Ramie is normally harvested two to three times a year, but under good growing conditions can be harvested up to six times per year. The decorticator and decorticated ramie fibre is shown as in Fig. The high potential of ramie fibre is not fully exploited due to various techno-economic reasons. The stems of ramie grow to a height of 1 - … Instead, it must first undergo a severe pounding or scraping to remove the outer bark, which is administered by hand or by one of the many types of decorticating machines. Includes bibliographical references Addeddate The results show that, compared to long ramie fibers processed in a conventional ramie spinning system, the stretch-broken fibers, with reasonable fiber length and high length uniformity, can be processed in a cotton spinning system with high efficiency … But it is only in comparatively modern times that the production of ramie fabric has become established on a commercial scale. preliminary processing of ramie: fibre extraction The fibre is derived from the inner bast tissues of the stem. Let’s have a look on the factors. The density of fibre ranges from 1.50-1.55. The degummed ramie contain a residual gummy content of 1-5% according to the type of spinning process to be used, dry spinning requires a clean fibre, white wet spinning requires a gum reside31. (Brittain Bragunier), KW - AgSpace KW - crop yield KW - economic outlook and situation KW - Fiber … Kenaf Ramie Fiber Processing Machinery Hemp Flax Decorticator And Raspador , Find Complete Details about Kenaf Ramie Fiber Processing Machinery Hemp Flax Decorticator And Raspador,Pineapple Fiber Decorticating Machine,Hemp,Kenaf Fiber from Shellers Supplier or Manufacturer-Zhengzhou Alpha Machinery Co., Ltd. It was used in mummy cloths in Egypt during the period 5000-3300 BC and has been grown in China for many centuries. In the current scenario, the textile industries are not showing much interest in the processing of ramie due to the difficulties associated with degumming and unsteady supply of fibre in the market. Ramie was one of the principal plant fibres used in the orient for making cloth before the introduction of cotton, which took place in China about 1300 AD1. Colour, strength, softness, length, fibre separation and defects (major, minor). During this period, it can be harvested up to 6 times in a year. 1 In China, ramie is planted as a key cash crop Harvesting is done either by manually or by using mechanical harvesters. On the other hand, growers of ramie are not likely to produce large quantities of the fibre-unless they have a reasonable assurance that there would be a large demand for it. The coarseness of the fibre reduces its scope of application in apparels, but suitable blending may solve this issue. Generally caustic soda is used for degumming process. After harvesting, if the ribbons are not to be stripped from the stalks right away and the fibre extracted, the cut stems or ribbons should be dried as soon as possible, to prevent bacterial attack. Earlier so many countries tried to cultivate ramie, some of them withdrawn the cultivation due to some inevitable situations. Ramie is a unicellular cellulosic bast fibre. Washing of fibre from stems immediately after decortications has been shown to remove water soluble gums which reduce the dry weight of the fibre by 8%. Lignin degradation starts at about 280°C and continues even above 500°C. Ramie Title Ramie Processing treatment commercial processing Image Identification information Ramie-003-06-19-09-POL-400X-PM-9 Image capture digital Date of image capture 06/19/09 Microscopist L. Crawford Microscope Zeiss Axioplan Mounting agent and RI RI: permount 1.515 Microscopic technique Polarized light, fiber at maximum brightness Lumen type Before spinning, the fibres are sorted into three lengths, i.e., long, medium and short. The aim of the study was to remove noncellulosic gummy materials from the fiber thus softening it and prepare nonwovens through needle punch method. Finally analyse the effect of lattice distortion modification processing on the lattice structure of ramie fiber. The ribbons of ramie, on their arrival at the factory, are greenish yellow to yellowish-white strips. Ramie fibre is easily identified by its coarseness, thick walls, lacks twist and has striated surfaces25. The market prize of ramie fibre is determined by grading system. After three passages of successive drawing, the sliver was processed through jute roving machine and finally spun in to a yarn of 84 tex. Ramie fibre is a bast fibre obtained from the inner bark of the ramie stem3. Again, from dielectric behaviour … The ramie fiber (Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaud, Boehmeria nivea var. PROCESSING. The processing of ramie fibers needs to start immediately after the plants are cut or else the pectin hardens and this makes it almost impossible to remove. The inherent draw backs of ramie fibre can be overcome by proper blending with natural/synthetic fibres. China is the biggest producer of ramie fibre followed by Brazil and Philippines (Fig. Either the fibre is imperfectly cleaned so that it can only be put to use for limited local purposes, or the output is much too low, or there too much wastage of fibre during the process of decortications11. Ramie, Fiber plants, ramie, plant fibers, natural history, plant cultural practices, harvesting, processing technology, crop yield, plant characteristics, economic outlook and situation Publisher ... Ramie, a fiber-yielding plant, by Lyster H. Ramie is one of the oldest textile fibers. The individual growers may not be in a position to make such investment for raising the crop. It is having good wetting strength but poor in elasticity, abrasion resistance and wrinkle recovery. tenacissima), also referred as Chinese grass or white ramie, is a member of the Urticaceae family and principally produced in China, Japan, and several other South Asian countries [2]. The SEM images showing the effect of combined degumming and bleaching is shown in Fig. 6. The decorticated fibres are cooked in vessels with 1-2% of caustic soda under pressure for 1 h. A slight mistake in the degumming process can spoil the quality of fibre, since the major component in ramie is cellulose and is sensitive to alkali. Degumming can be done with chemicals like sodium hydroxide13,14 or with enzymes15-19 or with microbial action20. Decortication should be completed on the day of harvest and if there are some left over, they should be kept moist by sprinkling water till decortications is done on the following day. Ramie fiber is very durable, is pure white in colour and has a … Currently National Institute of Research on Jute and Allied Fibre Technology (NIRJAFT) is working for the development of a new grading system for ramie fibre. However, other reports claim that the tensile strengths of cotton, flax, hemp and ramie are similar. Most of the ramie fibre extracted is used in producing countries and only a small percentage reaches international markets. Ramie is an important fiber crop used in textile processing. The fibre yield and area of cultivation is shown in the Fig. The peak at 1328 cm–1 correspond to aromatic skeletal vibrations, ring breathing with C–O stretching in lignin components28 and 1161 cm–1 corresponds to the C-O-C asymmetric stretching in cellulose I and cellulose II. Awareness programs like exhibitions, seminars, training, etc., may encourage the farmers to grow ramie in vast areas. Weight loss occurs between 290 and 380°C, mainly corresponds to cellulose degradation. Acid hydrolysis of native ramie cellulose fibre leads to aqueous suspensions of elongated nano crystals with high aspect ratio. A comprehensive transcriptome assembly of ramie has not been made available, to date. The photograph of ramie plant is shown in Fig. During eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, ramie cultivation became established in many areas of the western world. Due to the presence of gum, the fibre becomes stiff and brittle. It is a durable fiber. It is essential to remove the excess of alkali by acetic acid treatment after chemical degumming, otherwise the fibre strength will be reduced. 8. The high potentiality of Ramie is not much exploited in counties, other than china. N1 - Caption title. Also, one should know the advantage and disadvantage of ramie fiber. Strong band at 1026 cm–1, assigned to C–O stretching in cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin or C–O–C stretching in cellulose and hemicelluloses30. Ramie is widely cultivated not only in China, Japan, India and Malaya, but also in Queensland, Mauritius, the Cameroons, the West Indies, Brazil, Mexico and the southern states of North America, South Europe. The fiber has limited application in textiles due to its high stiffness and less cohesive properties. The tensile strength varies from 400-1600 MPa. Unlike other bast crops, ramie requires chemical processing to de-gum the fiber. Ramie is used to make such products as industrial sewing thread, packing materials, fishing nets, and filter cloths. --- "Revision of, and supersedes Miscellaneous circular no. PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE CURRENT SCENARIO. Among all the bast fibres, major content of cellulose is found in the ramie. Ramie fiber is collected from the bark of the vegetable stalks. It is having a moisture regain of around 12%. Use of decorticators in the field saves the cost of transporting unwanted plant material to soil10. Generally it grows up to a height of 1-25 m, the leaves are heart-shaped, 7-15 cm long and 6-12 cm broad and white on the underside with dense small hairs. Cellulose is a polysaccharide (i.e., a polymeric sugar) which can be represented by a simple formula (C6H10O5)n. The chemical composition of ramie fibre is as shown in Table 1. 1a). Decorticators developed for ramie include small mobile types suitable for use in the field and larger machines designed for central operation. In some of the reported works32,35, blending of 10-15% raw or ramie partially degummed ramie with jute helps to spin good quality yarns of finer count in the range of 100-105 tex. On gum removal, the crystallites increase in width but deteriorate with regard to their alignment along the fibre axis21. In spite of the undoubtedly good properties of ramie fibre, the wide occurrence of the plant and the enormous amount of publicity which has been given to the subject from time, the fibre has not so far been developed or used on any large scale outside of China and Japan. , it is called by different popular names such as Rhea, Popah, KhunKoora Kurkunda! 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